Order the sections comprising the manuscript as follows: title, running title, author, address, abstract, key words, introduction, material and methods, results, discussion, acknowl­edgments, and references.

Title Page: The title page should include the title of the article, authors’ names (names and initials (only) thinking in indexing services), and authors’ affiliation. The affiliation should comprise the department, institution (usually university or company), city, and state (or na­tion). The title page should include the name and complete mailing address, telephone number, fax number, and e-mail address of the author designated to review proofs. A running title of no more than 60 characters (including spaces) should be provided.
Abstract: An abstract of up to 250 words, single-spaced, is required of research articles and reports and should be arranged in one paragraph. The following information (without head­ings) should be included: purpose, methods, results (please report numerical data (means ± SE) for significant results), and conclusions. Review articles also require an abstract, which need not include all of these items.
Key words: A list of key words or indexing terms (up to six) should be included.

Text
Format: Headings should be bold, and first letters capitalized and left-aligned. All text should be set in Times New Roman font, 12 point, left-aligned, single-spaced. Do not justify the right margin. Leave only one (1) space after periods. Paragraphs should not be indented; there should not be any blank lines between them. Use line returns only at the end of paragraphs. Do not use tabs or spaces to create indents. Use the Symbol font for symbols and special characters. Do not use equation editors or footnoting utilities. Save equations as images. Equations should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right hand side of the page.
Footnotes: Footnotes should be avoided. When their use is absolutely necessary, foot­notes should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals and should be placed at the bottom of the page to which they refer. Place a line above the footnote, so that it is set off from the text.
Tables/Charts: Special care should be taken to ensure that all tables are properly formatted. Scientific symbols used should be in Symbol or Times New Roman. Tables should be on a separate page, numbered consecutively (with Arabic numerals) referred to by number in the text and designed to fit the column or page size of the journal. Use tables with cells to separate columns. Do not use spaces, tabs or vertical lines. Left justify the title above the table. Indicate each table’s location within the manuscript.
Illustrations: Illustrations/figures (photographs, drawings, diagrams, and charts) should each be in a single file, numbered in a consecutive series of Arabic numerals in the order in which they are cited in the text. Illustrations must be submitted as separate files. All illustrations are to be supplied in JPEG (jpg) format in either color or black and white. Images must be saved as separate, stand-alone files. The image resolution should be 300 dpi. Do not embed images within the text file. The placing of graphics in the paper should be indicated in the text and should in­clude the captions for the figures. The authors should also send, by mail, a printed version of the figures. These should be at least 10 x 15 cm, up to US letter size, so that figures can be scanned (in case the figure files are not adequate) to guarantee good quality for publishing online.
Abbreviations: Try to use abbreviations in the text sparingly. Write out abbreviations in full before the first time they are used in the text. Use the metric system for all measure­ments without periods (cm, mL, s). Define all symbols used in equations and formulas. Do not abbreviate the word “Figure” or “Table” in titles or text.
Acknowledgments: All acknowledgments (including those for grant and financial support) should be typed in one paragraph directly preceding the reference section. Authors of manuscripts are requested to state the source of all funding that enabled the described research to be undertaken.
References: References in the text should include the name of the author and the year in parentheses, e.g. (Searle, 1961) or (King and Wilson, 1975). When a reference with more than two authors is cited, only the first author is named, e.g. (Comstock et al., 1958). The refer­ences must be cited in the text in chronological order, e.g. (Ideber, 2001; Uetz, 2002; Ottavai, 2004). References to “unpublished results” and “submitted papers” should appear in the text in parentheses following the name(s) of the individual(s). Example: (Pereira KS, Martins PK and Silva TM, unpublished results). No more than 40 references should be cited in a Full-length paper, 20 references in a Short Communication and 60 references in a Review article.
References, under the heading “References”, should include only works referred to in the text. This section should be arranged in alphabetical order under the first author’s last name. References should be cited as follows: journal papers - names and initials of the first four authors (after that using et al.), year, journal title abbreviated according to PubMed or Web of Science, volume number, first and last page numbers; books - names of authors, year, full title, edition, publishers, address (city); articles published in symposia - names of authors, year, full title of book, name(s) of editor(s) in parentheses, publisher, address (city), first and last page numbers.